As I recall, the Germans tried using hydrogen peroxide for submarine propulsion during World War II. Not hard to see why as making a success of the system would mean that submarines wouldn't have to surface where they would be vulnerable to attack. One little problem though, these Walther boats had an unfortunate tendency to explode, so they never got past the experimental stage.
Unfortunately, when a few examples were taken intact at war's end, the Royal Navy thought they were looking at a mature design, so they had a go at it too, and with the same results. The boat equipped with this system wasn't called "The Exploder" for nothing.