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At which shipyard was the Titanic constructed?
The Titanic was built in Belfast, Ireland at the Harland & Wolff Shipyard. She was built under the Arroll Gantry pictured below, alongside her sister ship the Olympic.
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Ummm...what do you mean by this? It's not quite clear.However she was not sended to Southampton after her exterior was finished, while she was unfinished she left Belfast on the Second of April she was fitted out in Belfast.
That nearly all her interior, as in the pannels and other fittings, were installed in Belfast too. The final touches were done, such as all the plants and furniture in the right places, were done in Southampton. The Harland and Wolff guarantee group even had a decorator and painter on-board named Joey Thompson, who left the ship before she setted sail, who worked on the final touches with some of the Southampton workmen of Harland and Wolff.Ummm...what do you mean by this? It's not quite clear.
She only had some last minute additions while in Southampton, such a carpets being placed, furniture being placed properly, and just overall the final touches.Yes Belfast, Irl. Southampton for fitting out.
A lot of the cane chairs were imported from Mutters en Zoons in Den Haag/The Hague in the Netherlands. The staterooms B-57/C-70 (in the Modern Dutch style with oak paneling and brass beds), B-58/C-63 (in the Louis XVI with silk damask paneling and brass beds), B-59/C-72 (in the Old Dutch style), B-60/ C-65 (in the Queen Anne style), B-63/C-74 (in the Modern Dutch style with sycamore paneling and beds) and B-64/C-67 were all designed by Mutters en Zoons as well and on the Titanic all these special staterooms on B-deck were photographed, as were all the special staterooms on C-deck were photographed on the Olympic.They ship the materials to Belfast to be installed. They could come from other places or countries.
Harland and Wolff had her own decorators and interior designers. The two most common period styles which could be found in the special staterooms of the Olympic class liners were even designed by Harland and Wolff. They were called the Harland and Wolff bedroom A style (more commonly known as the French style) and the Harland and Wolff bedroom B style (more commonly known as the modern style). 31 staterooms were in the Harland and Wolff bedroom B style, and 14 in the Harland and Wolff bedroom A style.Despite being the contractor H and W cannot do all aspects of the work so they hire private specialists to do some of the finer finishing type things and carvings.
It has been incorrectly mentioned time and time again that JP Morgan financed the construction of the Olympic class liners, but this is false. As Mark Chirnside and Mike Poirier wrote down in an excellent article it was concluded that the White Star Line was not supported by IMMC's resources. Instead the IMMC was supported by the White Star Line. Construction was financed through capital raised in the United Kingdom. This article explains in detail how: White Star financed the ‘Olympic’ class ships and others by borrowing the money from largely United Kingdom-based investors, mortgaging its own fleet; White Star borrowed the money, rather than IMMC, to take advantage of its stronger financial position and lower borrowing costs; The new ships provided additional security underlying IMMC’s own debt, without increasing the money IMMC itself borrowed; Dividends paid by White Star from 1908 to 1912 helped IMMC meet its debt interest payments.The owner and financier of the project is White Star which is owned by the super rich JP Morgan who wants to own the entire shipping industry. (He really did).
To slightly edit a famous quote from The Gipper: "There we go again".Such as 16 lifeboats so first class passengers could see off the boat deck or lower bulkheads for a cleaner and larger space like the d-deck first class dining room (it was huge, deeper in the ship than usual, and only one story). Although these decisions were made by Ismay you get the point.
It isn't that hard to prove. Mr. Ismay, chief engineer Joseph Bell and Thomas Andrews Jr all had their personal notes on the Olympic during her maiden voyage (Thomas Andrews Jr was even on-board during her second west and eastbound voyage). Most of these notes thankfully survive. A class evolves and evolves based on notes for any alterations or improvements, just look at the Big Four (Celtic, Cedric, Baltic and Adriatic). From the general arrangement plans of the Titanic one can see some of the improvements made in terms of the layout. In my humble opinion the Titanic had the best general arrangement of the Olympic class.Based on testimony of surviving passengers, visitors, and workers about working the last bits of fitting, there is a consensus that she had something special that Olympic did not have. I have researched for years what those things are but they are hard to prove.
There is another reason why these wonderful craftsmanship on wooden paneling can't be found on ships very often, and this has to do with it being a fire hazard. Take the SS Normandie as an example.Much of the wood used during that time is impossible to find at the same quality and size because we don’t have trees old enough to log anymore. Everything that went into these ships will never be built again. And it is for the best. For what fueled that time in history is ultra rich barely paying for the labor of these craftsmen making for the ability to afford excess on the backs almost slave labor for a cheap price.
Thomas Andrews Jr wasn't the lead designer of the Olympic class. At the time when the ships were commissioned by the White Star Line he was the assistant chief designer. Alexander Carlisle, until his retirement on the 30th of June 1910, was the chief designer and he reported at the British Board of Trade inquiry that Lord William Pirrie (who was Carlisle his brother-in-law and Thomas Andrews Jr his uncle) practically designed the Olympic class liners entirely with the details, the decorations, the equipments, and general arrangements all falling under Carlisle and later Thomas Andrews Jr as he succeeded Carlisle after his retirement due to his declining health.and the lead designer was Thomas Andrews (1873 - 1912).
His name was Edward Wilding, not Henry. Here is a picture of him:Henry Wilding
Her delivery voyage was from Belfast to Southampton, starting on the 2nd of April shortly before 21:00 and docking in Southampton in the early hours of the 4th of April. Cherbourg was her first port of call after her departure from Southampton on the 10th of April and she arrived at her last port of call, Queenstown (now known as Cobh), on the 11th of April around 11:30. She departed from Queenstown at around 13:30 to New York City.She then sailed from Belfast to Queenstown and from Queenstown to Cheerbourgh.
Of the Harland and Wolff guarantee group only Thomas Andrews Jr considered himself a shipbuilder (at the census records he even described himself as such). These are the job descriptions of all 9 members of the guarantee group that were on-board during the maiden voyage:On titanic were several of the ships builders, including Thomas Andrews who sadly died that night. Other workers were allowed to travel on her for helping build her, but not all of them were allowed.
Mr. Ismay, who was indeed the chairman of the White Star Line, survived in collapsible Engelhardt lifeboat C. He and William Ernest Carter were the last two who managed to get on-board, the circumstances of which are still up to debate. The lifeboat, which had a maximum capacity of 47 people, was filled with an estimated 43 occupants with the majority of them being third class passengers.White Star Lines' CEO Joseph Bruce Ismay was also on-board. He survived in collapsible B.
While it is true that the majority of the 15 000 workforce were either Protestant there still was a Roman Catholic minority working under the shipyard. It must be noted that during the delivery voyage there were some very insulting anti-Catholic slogans found on one of the smokeboxes of the boiler rooms. This was noted by fireman Joseph Mulholland (who always worked on delivery voyages). Thomas Andrews Jr, who was on his usual rounds, pointed to the slogans and asked Mulholland if he knew anything about them, to which Mulholland replied he did not. Thomas Andrews Jr was disgusted by the insulting slogans left and soon returned with some other crewmen to have them washed and removed.Did you know: Only protestants were allowed to build the Olimpic class? Harland & Wolff prided themselfs in that fact.